Hepatitis B and C testing involves screening for two separate but related viral infections that impact the liver. Hepatitis B is attributed to the hepatitis B virus (HBV), whereas hepatitis C is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Both can lead to severe liver conditions, such as chronic liver disease and liver cancer, if not treated. Testing usually consists of blood tests to identify the presence of the viruses and evaluate liver function. Early detection and treatment are essential for managing these infections and avoiding long-term health issues.